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Tu cerebro en modo música: por qué aprender un instrumento a los 70 es lo más inteligente que puedes hacer

2026-07-03T09:27:12.042834+00:00

La música que rejuvenece tu cerebro: lo que dice la ciencia

Déjame contarte algo que me fascinó leer esta semana. Investigadores japoneses descubrieron que aprender a tocar un instrumento musical a los 70 años podría proteger tu memoria. Y no hablo de mejoras sutiles — los resultados muestran diferencias reales en la estructura cerebral y las funciones cognitivas.

¿Tu cerebro todavía puede cambiar a los 70?

Lo que más me sorprendió de este estudio es lo siguiente: durante años pensamos que nuestro cerebro se "congelaba" pasado cierto punto. La idea común decía que la neuroplasticidad — la capacidad del cerebro para reorganizarse — era cosa de jóvenes.

Pero la investigación de la Universidad de Kyoto dice lo contrario.

Los científicos siguieron a adultos que comenzaron a aprender instrumentos por primera vez alrededor de los 73 años. Después de cuatro meses de entrenamiento inicial, la mitad siguió tocando mientras la otra mitad se dedicó a otras aficiones. Cuatro años después, las diferencias eran claras.

¿Qué encontraron exactamente?

Los investigadores se centraron en dos regiones que tienden a encogerse con la edad: el putamen y el cerebelo. Imagina el putamen como el coordinador del ritmo cerebral y el cerebelo como el responsable del timing y el control motor. Ambas zonas trabajan mucho cuando tocas música.

Esto es lo que ocurrió:

Los que dejaron de tocar mostraron peor memoria de trabajo verbal (esa que usas para recordar un número de teléfono mientras buscas dónde escribirlo) y su putamen derecho se había reducido.
Los que siguieron practicando mantuvieron su rendimiento de memoria y no sufrieron tanto encogimiento cerebral. Además, su cerebelo mostraba mayor actividad en áreas más amplias.

La Dra. Kaoru Sekiyama, autora principal del estudio, reconoció que themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves 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Kaoru Sekiyama) themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves 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themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves itself (la Dra. Kaoru Sekiyama) themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves itself (la Dra. Kaoru Sekiyama) themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves themselves own surprise themselves — even the investigadores unexpected that the efectos were so concentrated en exactly las mismas áreas cerebrales que responden al entrenamiento musical en personas más jóvenes.

¿Por qué específicamente música?

He cubierto mucha investigación sobre salud cerebral, y honestamente no faltan estudios que dicen "haz rompecabezas" o "ejercítate más". Pero la música parece tocar algo diferente.

Cuando tocas un instrumento, no estás haciendo una sola cosa — estás simultáneamente:

Leyendo música (procesamiento visual)
Coordinando movimientos de dedos (control motor)
Manteniendo el tiempo y el ritmo (temporización interna)
Escuchando lo que tocas y ajustando (retroalimentación auditiva)
Recordando patrones y secuencias (memoria)

Es como un entrenamiento cerebral completo disfrazado de algo divertido. Y a diferencia del sudoku o los crucigramas, hay un elemento físico y sensorial que involucra incluso más vías cerebrales.

"Nunca es demasiado tarde"

Esas son palabras de Sekiyama, y me encantan. Con demasiada frecuencia hablamos de la salud cerebral como si la ventana para mejorar se1e cerrara a los 40 o 50 años. Esta investigación es un recordatorio hermoso de que nuestros cerebros conservan su capacidad de crecer y adaptarse.

Sekiyama también mencionó algo que creo extremadamente importante para la salud pública: la música podría ser una alternativa valiosa para personas que batallan con el ejercicio físico. Si el dolor crónico, problemas de movilidad u otras condiciones de salud hacen difícil mantenerse físicamente activo, tocar un instrumento podría ofrecer algunos de esos mismos efectos protectores para el cerebro.

"¡Qué afortunados somos de que practicar música tenga un impacto tan positivo en el cerebro y la función cognitiva!" dijo.

Voy a ser honesto — cuando leí esa cita, imaginé a mi papá, que tiene malas rodillas y siempre dice que haría más ejercicio si su cuerpo cooperara. Inmediatamente pensé en si estaría interesado en aprender ese teclado que ha estado acumulando polvo en su cuarto de invitados.

La línea de fondo

No necesitas convertirte en concertista. Ni siquiera necesitas ser bueno. Las personas en este estudio eran principiantes que siguieron practicando sus instrumentos a lo largo de los años. Eso es todo.

Si alguna vez pensaste en aprender un instrumento pero te convenciste de que eras "demasiado viejo" — considera esto tu señal. Tu cerebro aparentemente está listo y esperando.

Y si estás cuidando a un padre o abuelo anciano, tal vez este holiday season puedas saltarte los libros de rompecabezas genéricos y considerar algo un poco más melódico.

Tu yo futuro (y tu putamen) te lo agradecerán.

Fuente: ScienceDaily — https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/06/260613034217.htm

#brain health #musical instruments #aging #cognitive decline #neuroscience #healthy aging #memory improvement #neuroplasticity